Izinqaba ezinkulu, amadolobha azungezwe izindonga, izindawo zasemakhaya eziluhlaza, amadolobhana ase-Alps, imibuso esempini nemigwaqo emincane yamadolobha amadala: iYurophu ikhona yonke indawo emcabangweni we-animation yaseJapane. Ingaba ngeyangempela, ihlanganiswe kabusha noma ibe yefantasy ngokuphelele, kodwa ivame kakhulu ukusebenzela njengendawo yezindaba eseziphenduke zakudala.
Lobu bukhona abugcini nje ngokuba yindaba yobuhle bokubukeka. Abadali baseJapane bathola kuyo indawo efanele uhambo, okumangalisayo, idrama yomlando nokugxeka umphakathi. Kusukela ku-Heidi kuya ku-Vinland Saga, kudlule kuHayao Miyazaki, Fullmetal Alchemist kanye ne-Attack on Titan, iYurophu yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuxoxa izindaba zomhlaba wonke kuyilapho kuthathwa ibanga neJapane yanamuhla.
Ukuthatheka okwazalwa ukuvuleka kweJapane
Ilukuluku laseJapane ngeYurophu liyingxenye yomlando omude. Kusukela ngo-1650, iJapane yangena enkathini yokuvaleka ebizwa nge-sakoku, okusho ngokoqobo ukuvalwa kwezwe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili, ukuxhumana nezwe lonke kwakulinganiselwe kakhulu.
Nokho, ukushintshana kwaqhubeka namaDashi, amaShayina namaKorea. Ukuvela ngezikhathi ezithile kwabantu bakwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi emigwaqweni noma emadolobhaneni, kwase kukhulisa ukuthatheka ngaleyo mihlaba ekude nengaziwa kancane.
Ukuvulwa kwezwe okuphoqwe yi-United States ngekhulu le-19 kwashintsha kakhulu isimo. Ngesikhathi se-Meiji, iJapane yabona ukusilela kwayo kwezobuchwepheshe uma iqhathaniswa namandla angaphandle, yase ibhekisa amehlo eYurophu: imboni yayo, ubuciko bokwakha, ubuciko nezindlela zokuphila kwaba yizinto ezibalulekile zokuthakaselwa.
Lokhu kukhangwa kwamasiko kwaqhubeka emisebenzini eqanjiwe. IYurophu ayisiyona nje indawo yangempela: iba yinqolobane yezithombe ezinamandla, ehlanganiswa nezinqaba, izicukuthwane, amabutho, amadolobha amadala nomlando onokuguquguquka okuningi.
Heidi, uguquko endleleni iYurophu evele ngayo ku-animation yaseJapane
Yasakazwa ngeminyaka yawo-1970, Heidi ixoxa ngezigigaba zengane ehlala eSwiss Alps noPierre, uClara nenja yayo uHercule. Ngemuva kobulula obubonakalayo bendaba yayo, lolu chungechunge lunendawo ebalulekile emlandweni we-animation yaseJapane.
UHayao Miyazaki, owayengakasisunguli isitudiyo iGhibli ngaleso sikhathi, wabamba iqhaza kulokhu kuhumusha. Ukuze enze izindawo zibukeke zithembekile, waya yena ngokwakhe eSwitzerland neqembu lakhe. Le ndlela yayivele ikhombisa isifiso sokunganciphisi iYurophu ibe yindawo engacacile: izintaba, amadolobhana nezindawo zemvelo kwakufanele zinikeze umuzwa womhlaba ophilayo.
Impumelelo ka-Heidi yakhuthaza isitudiyo i-World Masterpiece Theater ukuthi sihumushe ezinye izindaba zaseYurophu. Kwavela indlela ethile: izingane zidlula ezivivinyweni eYurophu yasemakhaya, eluhlaza futhi ebekwe esikhathini okunzima ukusibeka ngqo, ngokuvamile esiseduze nekhulu le-19.
Le Yurophu eyenziwe ibe yinhle kakhulu kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-« ruritanie »: izwe elicatshangiwe elinezinqaba, abalimi, izicukuthwane namasiko amadala. Inikeza umehluko omkhulu nezwe lesimanje elibonwa njengelinezimboni kakhulu, elisheshayo nelonakele kakhulu.
IFrance njengendawo yenkululeko nokugxeka umphakathi
IYurophu iphinde yenze kube nokwenzeka ukubhekana nezindikimba ezibucayi kakhulu. La Rose de Versailles, ebekwe eFrance ngesikhathi seNguquko yaseFrance, iyisibonelo esiphawulekayo. Iqhawekazi layo, u-Oscar de Jarjayes, lakhuliswa njengomfana nguyise futhi laqeqeshwa ekubiyeleni nasekugibeleni amahhashi ngaphambi kokujoyina unogada wasebukhosini.
Ukubukeka nesikhundla sakhe kwakha ukungaqondakali okwenza umsebenzi uthandwe eJapane. Kodwa indaba idlulela kude kwezothando: u-Oscar uthola iFrance ephawulwe inkohlakalo futhi ekugcineni ujoyina udaba lwenguquko.
Isimo saseFrance senza kube nokwenzeka ukubhekana nezihloko ezifana nenguquko, ukuketulwa kombuso, ukungalingani noma ubudlelwano bothando obungaqondakali. Ukudlulisela lezi zinkinga eYurophu yomlando kunika ababhali inkululeko ekhethekile yokungabaza umphakathi wabo ngokungaqondile.
UHayao Miyazaki neYurophu ecatshangelwe kabusha
Ngemuva kuka-Heidi, uHayao Miyazaki waqhubeka nalobu budlelwano bokudala neYurophu. Uhambo lwakhe lwaphefumulela amadolobha ayinhlanganisela, angakopishi indawo eyodwa kodwa ahlanganise imithombo eminingi. Kiki la petite sorcière ikhumbuza ikakhulukazi iStockholm, iParis neLisbon ngamakhofi ayo ngethilamu layo.
Kumafilimu akhe, iYurophu ayivamisile ukuba yindawo yomlando nje. Iguqulwa umcabango: ubuciko bokwakha obudala bungahlangana nemishini, imikhumbi nezinto ze-steampunk. Le Château ambulant imele kahle le ngxube phakathi kweYurophu ebonakalayo nendawo engenakwenzeka ukuyibeka ngokunembile.
Lobu buhle bokubukeka buphinde busebenzele izindikimba ezinkulu: impi, inkohlakalo, ukwenziwa kwezimboni nemiphumela yabantu yokusungula izinto ezintsha. Ku-Porco Rosso, indaba yomshayeli wendiza oguqulwe waba yingulube ikhuluma ngenkanuko yesikhathi esidlule, isizungu nemiphumela esele yempi. Le Château ambulant nayo iveza ubuchwepheshe obuhehayo, kodwa obungaba besabekayo lapho buba umshini wokubhubhisa.
IYurophu engaphelelwa isikhathi kuma-manga nama-anime amakhulu
Fullmetal Alchemist iqhubekisela phambili leli siko nge-Amestris, izwe eliphefumulelwe kakhulu yiYurophu yasentshonalanga nephakathi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-20. Amagama ka-Edward no-Alphonse Elric, izitimela, izimoto zokuqala, ibutho nenkulumo-ze kwakha umhlaba oseduze nowethu, okunezelwa kuwo i-alchemy, ama-chimera nama-homonculus.
Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwezinkomba zomlando nefantasy kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhuluma ngempi, umbuso wamaphoyisa nokufuna amandla ezempi. IYurophu iba uhlaka olujwayeleke ngokwanele ukuba luqondakale ngokushesha, kodwa olukude ngokwanele ukuba luthwale inganekwane yasekuqaleni.
Indlela efanayo itholakala ku-Attack on Titan. Amadolobha ayo azungezwe izindonga angakhumbuza amadolobha aseYurophu aqinisiwe, kuyilapho amagama afana no-Eren Jäger, u-Armin Arlelt noma u-Ymir Fritz eqinisa lo muzwa wesiJalimane. Izitimela, izinganono, imikhumbi yempi nezindiza kuhlangana nenkathi eyenziwe ngamabomu yaba nzima ukuyibeka.
AmaTitan athatha indawo yezikhali zokubhubhisa okukhulu emhlabeni obuswa ukwesaba, ingcindezelo nezingxabano. Ngakho le ndawo yaseYurophu isebenzela indaba ekhuluma ngenkululeko, umjikelezo wenzondo nempi. Ukuze ujule kulezi zindaba zobuntu nezibuhlungu, bheka futhi umbhalo wethu mayelana nokufa okubuhlungu kakhulu ku-Attack on Titan.
Vinland Saga: kusukela eYurophu ecatshangiwe kuya eYurophu yomlando
Nge-Vinland Saga, indlela iyashintsha. Umsebenzi kaMakoto Yukimura awuzami ngokuyinhloko ukwakha iYurophu ekahle noma enomlingo. Usekelwe emlandweni, ezinganekwaneni zase-Iceland nakubalingiswa abahlobene nabantu bangempela, abafana noThorfinn Karlsefni kanye neNkosi uKnut Omkhulu.
IYurophu yayo inonya: impi ephakathi kweDenmark neNgilandi yenza ukusinda kube yinto ekhathaza njalo. Indaba igcina amandla amakhulu obuciko bokulandisa, kodwa indawo yayo isondela eqinisweni eliqinile kakhulu kunalelo lemibuso yefantasy.
IYurophu ingaphinde ivele ngezingcezu emihlabeni emikhulu kakhulu. Ku-One Piece, iDressrosa ihlanganisa izinkomba eziningana: uDon Quichotte neflamenco kubhekisa eSpain, kuyilapho i-colosseum nezimpi zama-gladiator kukhumbuza i-Italy. Amakhosi, amakhosazana, ukukhashelwa nokucindezelwa kwabantu kunikeza le arc ubunikazi obuqinile baseYurophu. Lokhu kwehlukahlukana kunezela engcebweni yonke yabantu ochungechungeni, echazwe esihlokweni sethu esimayelana nezinhlanga, izizwe nezidalwa ezidalwe ngokwenziwa ku-One Piece.
Kungani i-isekai ibuyela njalo kufantasy yaseYurophu?
Uhlobo lwe-isekai luqhubekisela phambili lokhu kuthatheka. Umqondo walo uvamise ukusekelwa kumuntu omdala waseJapane ofayo bese ezalwa kabusha komunye umhlaba. Lesi siqalo esisha sivame ukwenzeka eYurophu yefantasy: ama-knight, umlingo, imibuso, amadolobha enkathi ephakathi, amabutho nezinqaba kwakha indawo evamile.
Ku-Mushoku Tensei, ngokwesibonelo, umlingiswa oyinhloko uzalwa kabusha emhlabeni onjalo futhi uzama ukwakha impilo yakhe kabusha. Umhlaba waseYurophu ocatshangiwe uba yindawo yethuba lesibili, ngomqondo wokuthuthuka ofana nowemidlalo yokulingisa: ukufunda iziphonso, ukuthola amandla nokunqoba izithiyo.
Leli thonya lidlula ama-anime. Imidlalo yaseJapane efana ne-Dragon Quest ne-Zelda nayo isekelwe emibusweni yobukhosi, odrako, izikhali zensimbi, onkulunkulu nezimpi. IYurophu yenkathi ephakathi nefantasy isebenza njengolimi oluqondakala ngokushesha lokuxoxa uhambo.
FAQ: iYurophu kuma-anime
Kungani ama-anime esebenzisa kangaka izinqaba namadolobha anezindonga?
Izinqaba, izindonga nemibuso yaseYurophu ngokushesha kuveza umlando, amandla, izimpi nohambo. Kufaneleka ikakhulukazi ezindabeni zefantasy, amadrama ezepolitiki nasezindabeni zokuvukela.
Ingabe izindawo zaseYurophu kuma-anime zithembekile eqinisweni?
Zingaphefumulelwa izindawo zangempela, njengeSwiss Alps ku-Heidi, kodwa ngokuvamile ziyahlanganiswa kabusha. Imihlaba eminingi ixuba amazwe amaningana, izinkathi nezitayela zokwakha ukuze idale iYurophu ecatshangiwe.
Kungani iYurophu igqame kangaka kuma-isekai?
Umhlaba wefantasy waseYurophu wenkathi ephakathi unikeza uhlaka olufanele lwemithetho yomlingo, ubuknight, ubukhosi nokuthuthuka komuntu siqu. Uvumela abalingiswa ukuba baqale kabusha emhlabeni okude neJapane yanamuhla.
